最新消息

【最新訊息】想留在美國就業必看！

發佈日期：2024.11.15

國際學生不可不參考的美國求職網站

在準備留學申請時，各項排名成為重要的篩選依據，不管是US News、QS，或是Times排名。然而，對於想留在美國工作的同學來說，僅參考學術排名來選擇學校，與實際留美工作的需求還有一段差距。今天介紹一個專為國際學生設計、並受到Purdue等知名大學推薦的求職網站：F1 Hire.com。該網站根據美國教育部、勞工部以及移民局的數據，製作了針對國際學生的美國大學就業成果和投資報酬率排名。

學人留學的美國顧問Morris指出：美國教育的學費越來越高，學生更著重畢業後投資報酬率及就業機會。雖 F1 Hire 的排名有很高的參考價值，但是要更細部分析才準確，因為美國各個領域的就業機會分配不平均，尤其是學術界、金融、跟高科技業都是集中在東西岸大城市。Illinois, Arizona, Texas都有大城市（尤其芝加哥）算是例外。某些領域（例如規模化農作業 large-scale agriculture）的就業集中地可能不在城市內，也應該納入學生考量。

Weinstein（2022）研究金融業僱用率及薪資比顯示：就算是 Top 20 常春藤名校的畢業生，畢業後到美國前20 的銀行顧問公司的機會也取決於企業（或是分公司、辦公室）離學校的距離遠近。顧問公司周邊的學校學生能夠在校園跟雇主接觸的機會高出四倍。對非常春藤學校畢業、以及想要提高自身社會經濟地位的畢業生來說，企業離學校的距離更重要，on-campus recruitment （雇主參與校園就業展）影響畢業生薪資差高達24%。

美國經濟研究局（National Bureau of Economic Research）2023年研究（Conzelmann et al., 2023）顯示：高排名以及高研究產出（R1, R2）的學校越不會隨著對雇主及市場就業機會改變起舞。相對的，低排名的綜合大學以及各個學校內的研究所（不包括博士）對市場機會結構性變遷非常敏感，因為他們的學生求學大多以就業為導向。同樣的，低技術含量的科系相較高技術含量的professional careers（法律、醫療、高科技、金融）來說，也對雇主及市場變動更加敏感。

另外，州政府及企業有各自的經濟發展目標及配套政策，也會影響畢業生的就業機會。當下台灣學生最熟悉的例子應該是台積電在亞利桑那州設廠引發的求職潮。美國近幾年極度缺乏藥師人才，因此the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy從2024年開始廢除了過往申請Pharm.D.學位必考的Pharmacy College Admission Test（PCAT）。北卡羅來納州政府在 2024 年也投資美金$835,000,000與社區學院合作培養醫護人才，提高醫護人員基本薪資（North Carolina Department of Health & Human Services, 2024）。

綜合來說，要在美國就業從來都不簡單，學生在選擇大學及研究所前，要仔細思考未來求職目標才能更精準的選擇最適合自身職業發展的學校。排名固然重要，但是學校與企業的地理位置遠近其實更為重要，學生的科系及職業也會影響就業機會受市場波動影響的幅度高低。

學人的顧問們期待提供學生更詳細的美國就業機會及留學規劃。

資料來源:

https://www.f1hire.com/ranking
Conzelmann, J. G., Hemelt, S. W., Hershbein, B., Martin, S. M., Simon, A., & Stange, K. M. (2023). Skills, Majors, and Jobs: Does Higher Education Respond? (No. w31572). National Bureau of Economic Research.
On World Mental Health Day, NC celebrates historic $835M investment in behavioral health. (2023, October 10). North Carolina Department of Health & Human Services. https://www.ncdhhs.gov/news/press-releases/2023/10/10/world-mental-health-day-nc-celebrates-historic-835m-investment-behavioral-health
Pharmacy College Admission Test | AACP. (2023, January 24). https://www.aacp.org/resource/pharmacy-college-admission-test
Weinstein, R. (2022). Firm decisions and variation across universities in access to high-wage jobs: Evidence from employer recruiting. Journal of Labor Economics, 40(1), 1-46.

前 100 排名學校 (F1 Hire)

學校	排名	評分
San Jose State University	1	100
Carnegie Mellon University	2	99.7
Stanford University	3	99.4
Princeton University	4	99.1
Central Michigan University	5	98.8
Georgia Institute of Technology	6	98.5
University of Southern California	7	98.2
California State University, Sacramento	8	97.9
Harvard University	9	97.6
University of Florida	10	97.3
Brigham Young University	11	97
University of Houston-Clear Lake	12	96.6
San Diego State University	13	96.3
Northern Illinois University	14	96
St. Cloud State University	15	95.7
University of Pennsylvania	16	95.4
Cornell University	17	95.1
Santa Clara University	18	94.8
Dartmouth College	19	94.5
University of California, Santa Cruz	20	94.2
Columbia University in the City of New York	21	93.9
Yale University	22	93.6
Maharishi International University	23	93.3
Louisiana Tech University	24	93
The University of Memphis	25	92.7
University of California, Berkeley	26	92.4
University of North Carolina at Charlotte	27	92.1
Portland State University	28	91.8
Northwestern University	29	91.5
Massachusetts Institute of Technology	30	91.2
Rice University	31	90.9
The University of Texas at Dallas	32	90.6
The University of Akron	33	90.3
Governors State University	34	89.9
University of Louisiana at Lafayette	35	89.6
The University of Mississippi	36	89.3
California State University, Los Angeles	37	89
Eastern Michigan University	38	88.7
University of Missouri-Columbia	39	88.4
Wilmington University	40	88.1
University of California, San Diego	41	87.8
McNeese State University	42	87.5
University of Colorado Boulder	43	87.2
Indiana University - Bloomington	44	86.9
The University of Texas at Austin	45	86.6
Texas A&M University - Kingsville	46	86.3
New York University	47	86
Bellevue University	48	85.7
Northwest Missouri State University	49	85.4
Wichita State University	50	85.1
California State University, Long Beach	51	84.8
University of California, Irvine	52	84.5
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign	53	84.2
Duke University	54	83.9
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute	55	83.6
Brigham Young University-Idaho	56	83.2
University of the Potomac	57	82.9
Arizona State University	58	82.6
Oklahoma State University	59	82.3
University of Michigan - Ann Arbor	60	82
University of Wisconsin-Madison	61	81.7
California State University, East Bay	62	81.4
University of Virginia	63	81.1
University of California, Los Angeles	64	80.8
Utah State University	65	80.5
Illinois Institute of Technology	66	80.2
Fairleigh Dickinson University	67	79.9
University of the Cumberlands	68	79.6
Rochester Institute of Technology	69	79.3
Purdue University	70	79
Syracuse University	71	78.7
Western Illinois University	72	78.4
The City University of New York - Bernard M. Baruch College	73	78.1
University of Central Missouri	74	77.8
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	75	77.5
University of Minnesota - Twin Cities	76	77.2
University of Arizona	77	76.8
Lamar University	78	76.5
Florida State University	79	76.2
Youngstown State University	80	75.9
California State University, Fullerton	81	75.6
Wayne State University	82	75.3
Brown University	83	75
Wright State University	84	74.7
Southern New Hampshire University	85	74.4
Southern Arkansas University	86	74.1
University of Kentucky	87	73.8
University of Pittsburgh	88	73.5
University of Houston	89	73.2
University of Cincinnati	90	72.9
Northeastern University	91	72.6
University of California, Santa Barbara	92	72.3
The University of Texas at San Antonio	93	72
The University of Southern Mississippi	94	71.7
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University	95	71.4
Yeshiva University	96	71.1
The Johns Hopkins University	97	70.8
North Carolina State University at Raleigh	98	70.5
University of Illinois Chicago	99	70.1
University of Maryland - College Park	100	69.8

回上一頁